I haven't seen the movie yet but it is getting good reviews. Dunkirk was one of the decisive moments of WWII. Hitler could have won the war that day. As it was, Guderian's panzers had broken British resistance and were closing in for the kill until Hitler, fearing that his panzer spearhead was getting too far in front of the bulk of the German army, ordered Guderian to halt for two days. That gave the British time to retreat to the small fishing port of Dunkirk and get evacuated back to England by the Royal Navy and a fleet of small civilian craft, yachts and fishing boats. The British Expeditionary Force (BEF) was 250,000 strong, the flower of the British Army. Had they been captured by the Germans, it would have been a horrendous blow to British morale, and would have deprived the British of the experienced men needed to train up a new British army.
British morale was pretty low in the summer of 1940. The British establishment, MP's, the press, academia, business, the aristocracy, even some members of the royal family, feared doing the trench warfare of WWI all over again, feared that the Germans were stronger than they were, and were ready to cut a deal with Hitler. Something like, "We keep our fleet and empire, you keep all of Europe". Hitler made noises about accepting such a deal that summer.
Churchill, newly elected Prime Minister, faced a lot of up hill sledding to convince the British to resist Hitler. He just barely made it. Had the men of the BEF been lost in 1940, the resulting downer for England might well have made Churchill's task impossible. Had Britain signed some sort of pusillanimous deal with Hitler, the United States would stayed out of Europe, and minded its own business. Pearl Harbor would have set our country on a path to annihilate Japan. Without a friendly Britain to serve as a base, it would have been difficult-to-impossible to apply American military force again the Third Reich.
So it's good to have a heroic movie about Dunkirk, even though the Wall St Journal criticized it for lacking any shots of Churchill.
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