I was watching TV where they were showing clips from a
racetrack, before the race. I don’t
remember, or perhaps I never did catch the name of the track or the race. The shots of the horses were impressive. Big, beautifully groomed, tight barrels,
muscular haunches, I could tell these were a lot of good fast race horses.
Thinking about it,
I realized that I was looking at the end results of at least 5000 years of
horse breeding and inventions of tack.
The oldest horse pictures we have come from ancient Egypt around 3000
BC, where the artist shows us a two wheel chariot, a great noble (perhaps even
Pharaoh) riding in the chariot, and a two horse team. At this early date, horses had been
domesticated, but they were small animals, too small to bear the weight of a
grown man. Hence the chariot.
It won’t be until
around 1000 BC that the Medes will breed up a line of horses big enough for
riding. This should have made cavalry
cheaper to field. Surely the riding tack
for a single man, and just a single horse was cheaper than a whole chariot,
harnesses, two horses, and other stuff needed for chariots.
The next
improvement was the invention of the stirrup some time in the 700-800 AD time
frame. The stirrup was invented
somewhere out East, India
perhaps, somewhere out on the steppes perhaps.
Stirrups got the France
sometime in the 700s. By the late 700’s
all of Charlemagne’s cavalry was riding with stirrups. We know this from period
illustrations.
Stirrups improved
the effectiveness of cavalry a lot, so much so that the military history of Europe
is dominated by cavalry (armored knights) from Charlemagne’s time (800 AD) down
to the introduction of muskets for the infantry (1450-1500 AD). Special large and strong breeds of horses to
carry the knight, the armor, and a small armory of edged weapons were
developed. Today we use those breeds of
horses to pull the Budweiser beer wagon.
The race horses are all breed from horses the Arabs had. I don’t know the story of just how or when
the Arabs came by the best horses, but they did somehow. For a long time the Arabs refused to sell
their good horses to the Western infidels.
There is a story behind getting Arab horses back the Europe
and America,
but I don’t know it.